Philadelphia construction unions enforce their wage agreements in the city, while competing at non-union-scale wages in the suburbs.
"The unions are just strong enough to control the labor market in the city but not strong enough for the suburbs. They can enforce their wage scales in town, where political judges and sympathetic police will help. But in the suburbs, the unions offer their lower "B rate" wages when they have to compete with other workers. The result of this city/suburb cost difference is that residential construction is priced out of existence in the city for all but the very high-end market."
Thanks to Mark Alan Hughes
FULL STORY: Unions Need to Be More Constructive

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Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools
This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.
Planning for Universal Design
Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.
Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.
UCLA Lewis Center for Regional Policy Studies
Mpact (formerly Rail~Volution)
Chaddick Institute at DePaul University
City of Piedmont, CA
Great Falls Development Authority, Inc.
HUDs Office of Policy Development and Research