What's Really Keeping Americans off of Transit?

Josh Barro offers his take on the charge, oft resorted to by transit advocates, that subsidies for road maintenance encourage driving. Instead, he argues, we should turn our attention to the mechanisms that make it hard for transit to compete.

2 minute read

July 3, 2012, 2:00 PM PDT

By Ryan Lue


For anyone interested in changing to status quo, it can help to take a closer look at the things we don't even realize we're paying for. In that tradition, transit advocates have made remarkable headway in recent years, identifying subsidies that the general public pays to make it easier to get around on four wheels. From free parking to road repair, cities go to great lengths to clear obstacles for the automobile.

But Barro offers a sobering rebuttal for those who argue that such incentives are standing in the way of the widespread acceptance of transit: between public transit and the automobile, the former depends far more heavily on general subsidies than the latter. In his estimation, only 8 percent of the overall cost of driving is subsidized by general revenue (i.e. not just drivers), whereas transit systems in Milwaukee and Madison, for instance, rely on such subsidies for 65 to 74 percent of their budgets.

"If you ended road subsidies," Barro offers, "people would drive
less – but probably not much less. Gasoline prices would go up by about
50 to 60 cents a gallon, but over the last decade, fuel prices rose
more sharply than that without triggering any major change in our
transportation practices."

The real battle for transit advocates, then, boils down to land use: "Cities impose barriers to density that limit the number of housing units
and offices that can be located near buses and trains, which reduces
mass-transit usage."

Thursday, June 14, 2012 in The Washington Examiner

portrait of professional woman

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban Planner

Get top-rated, practical training

Wastewater pouring out from a pipe.

Alabama: Trump Terminates Settlements for Black Communities Harmed By Raw Sewage

Trump deemed the landmark civil rights agreement “illegal DEI and environmental justice policy.”

April 13, 2025 - Inside Climate News

Logo for Planetizen Federal Action Tracker with black and white image of U.S. Capitol with water ripple overlay.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

April 16, 2025 - Diana Ionescu

Blue and white Seattle Link light rail train exiting concrete Downtown Bellevue Tunnel in Bellevue, WA.

Why Should We Subsidize Public Transportation?

Many public transit agencies face financial stress due to rising costs, declining fare revenue, and declining subsidies. Transit advocates must provide a strong business case for increasing public transit funding.

April 7, 2025 - Todd Litman

Two people on bikes in red painted bike lane with bus in traffic lane next to them.

Understanding Road Diets

An explainer from Momentum highlights the advantages of reducing vehicle lanes in favor of more bike, transit, and pedestrian infrastructure.

6 hours ago - Momentum Magazine

Aerial view of large warehouses across from development of suburban single-family homes in Jurupa, California with desert mountains in background.

New California Law Regulates Warehouse Pollution

A new law tightens building and emissions regulations for large distribution warehouses to mitigate air pollution and traffic in surrounding communities.

7 hours ago - Black Voice News

Purple Phoenix light rail train connected to overhead wires at sunset.

Phoenix Announces Opening Date for Light Rail Extension

The South Central extension will connect South Phoenix to downtown and other major hubs starting on June 7.

April 17 - Arizona Republic